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court established by law.

(2) In the Republic of Hungary no one shall be considered guilty until a court has rendered a final legal judgment determining criminal culpability.

(3)
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Individuals subject to criminal proceedings are entitled to legal defense at all stages of the proceedings. Defense lawyers may not be held accountable for opinions expressed in the
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course of the defense.

(4) No one shall be declared guilty and subjected to punishment for an offense that was not considered - at the time it was committed - a criminal offense
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under Hungarian law, or the laws of any country participating in the progressive establishment of an area of freedom, security and justice, and to the extent prescribed in the
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relevant Community legislation with a view to the mutual recognition of decisions, without any restrictions in terms of major fundamental rights.

(5) In the Republic of Hungary
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everyone may seek legal remedy, in accordance with the provisions of the law, to judicial, administrative or other official decisions, which infringe on his rights or justified
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interests. A law passed by a majority of two-thirds of the votes of the Members of Parliament present may impose restrictions on the right to legal remedy in the interest of, and in
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proportion with, adjudication of legal disputes within a reasonable period of time.

Article 58. Edit
(1) Everyone legally staying or residing in the territory of the Republic of
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Hungary - with the exception of the cases established by law - has the right to move freely and to choose his place of residence, including the right to leave his domicile or the
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country.

(2) Foreigners legally residing in the territory of the Republic of Hungary may only be deported on the basis of a resolution reached in accordance with the law.

(3) A
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majority of two-thirds of the votes of the Members of Parliament present is required to pass the law on the freedom of movement and residence.

Article 59. Edit
(1) In the Republic of
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Hungary everyone has the right to the good standing of his reputation, the privacy of his home and the protection of secrecy in private affairs and personal data.

(2) A majority of
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two-thirds of the votes of the Members of Parliament present is required to pass the law on the secrecy of personal data.

Article 60. Edit
(1) In the Republic of Hungary everyone has
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the right to freedom of thought, freedom of conscience and freedom of religion.

(2) This right shall include the free choice or acceptance of a religion or belief, and the freedom to
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publicly or privately express or decline to express, exercise and teach such religions and beliefs by way of religious actions, rites or in any other way, either individually or in a
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group.

(3) The church and the State shall operate in separation in the Republic of Hungary.

(4) A majority of two-thirds of the votes of the Members of Parliament present is
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required to pass the law on the freedom of belief and religion.

Article 61. Edit
(1) In the Republic of Hungary everyone has the right to the freedom of speech and to freely express
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his opinion, and furthermore to access and disseminate information of public interest.

(2) The Republic of Hungary recognizes and protects the freedom of the press.

(3) In a
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democracy, with a view to forming an educated opinion in matters of public interest, everyone has the right to free access to information proper.

(4) In the Republic of Hungary,
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public service broadcasters shall participate in fostering and in the enhancement of national and European identity, in the advancement of the Hungarian language and cultural
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heritage, including the languages and the culture of minorities, in strengthening national allegiance, and in satisfying the needs of national, ethnic, familial and religious
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communities. Public media services shall be overseen by an autonomous administrative authority and independent ownership body, whose members are elected by Parliament, whereas
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oversight as to the implementation of its objectives shall be exercised by committees of citizens formed on the strength of law.

(5) A majority of two-thirds of the votes of the
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Members of Parliament present is required to pass the law on the public access to information of public interest, the law on the freedom of the press, the law on media contents, and
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the law on the supervision of media services.

Article 62. Edit
(1) The Republic of Hungary recognizes the right to peaceful assembly and shall ensure the free exercise thereof.

(2)
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A majority of two-thirds of the votes of the Members of Parliament present is required to pass the law on the right of assembly.

Article 63. Edit
(1) On the basis of the right of
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assembly, everyone in the Republic of Hungary has the right to establish organizations whose goals are not prohibited by law and to join such organizations.

(2) The establishment of
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armed organizations with political objectives shall not be permitted on the basis of the right of assembly.

(3) A majority of two-thirds of the votes of the Members of Parliament
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present is required to pass the law on the right of assembly and the financial management and operation of political parties.

Article 64. Edit
In the Republic of Hungary everyone has
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the right to present, individually or together with others, written petitions or complaints to the relevant public authority.

Article 65. Edit
(1) In accordance with the conditions
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established by law, the Republic of Hungary shall, if neither their country of origin nor another country provides protection, extend the right of asylum to foreign citizens who, in
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their native country or the country of their usual place of residence, are subject to persecution on the basis of race or nationality, their alliance with a specific social group,
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religious or political conviction, or whose fear of being subject to persecution is well founded.

(2) A majority of two-thirds of the votes of the Members of Parliament present is
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required to pass the law on the right to asylum.

Article 66. Edit
(1) The Republic of Hungary shall ensure the equality of men and women in all civil, political, economic, social and
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cultural rights.

(2) In the Republic of Hungary mothers shall receive support and protection before and after the birth of the child, in accordance with separate regulations.

(3)
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Separate regulations shall ensure the protection of women and youth in the workplace.

Article 67. Edit
(1) In the Republic of Hungary all children have the right to receive the
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protection and care of their family, and of the State and society, which is necessary for their satisfactory physical, mental and moral development.

(2) Parents have the right to
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choose the form of education given to their children.

(3) Separate regulations shall establish the responsibilities of the State with regard to the situation and protection of the
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family and youth.

Article 68. Edit
(1) The national and ethnic minorities living in the Republic of Hungary participate in the sovereign power of the people: they represent a
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constituent part of the State.

(2) The Republic of Hungary shall provide for the protection of national and ethnic minorities and ensure their collective participation in public
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affairs, the fostering of their cultures, the use of their native languages, education in their native languages and the use of names in their native languages.

(3) The laws of the
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Republic of Hungary shall ensure representation for the national and ethnic minorities living within the country.

(4) National and ethnic minorities shall have the right to form
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local and national bodies for self-government.

(5) A majority of two-thirds of the votes of the Members of Parliament present is required to pass the law on the rights of national
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and ethnic minorities.

Article 69. Edit
(1) In the Republic of Hungary no one shall be denied of his Hungarian citizenship against his will and no Hungarian citizen may be expelled
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from the territory of the Republic of Hungary.

(2) Hungarian citizens may always return to Hungary from abroad.

(3) All Hungarian citizens are entitled to enjoy the protection of
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the Republic of Hungary while legally residing or staying abroad.

(4) A majority of two-thirds of the votes of the Members of Parliament present is required to pass the law on
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citizenship.

Article 70. Edit
(1) All adult Hungarian citizens residing in the territory of the Republic of Hungary have the right to be elected and the right to vote in Parliamentar
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y elections; they have the right, furthermore, to participate in national referenda and popular initiatives.

(2) All adult Hungarian citizens residing in the territory of the Republic
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of Hungary and all adult citizens of other Member States of the European Union who reside in the territory of the Republic of Hungary shall have the right to be elected in local
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ballots for the election of representatives and mayors; they shall have the right to vote, provided that they are in the territory of the Republic of Hungary on the day of the
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election or referendum, and, furthermore, to participate in local referenda and popular initiatives. Only Hungarian citizens may be elected to the post of mayor in any local governmen
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t and the City of Budapest.

(3) All adult persons holding refugee, immigrant or permanent resident status in the Republic of Hungary shall have the right to vote in local ballots for
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the election of representatives and mayors, provided that they are in the territory of the Republic of Hungary on the day of the election or referendum, and furthermore to participate
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in local referenda or popular initiatives.

(4) All adult Hungarian citizens residing in the territory of the Republic of Hungary and all adult citizens of other Member States of the
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European Union who reside in the territory of the Republic of Hungary shall have the right to be elected and the right to vote in elections for the European Parliament.

(5) The right
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to vote shall not be granted to persons who are under guardianship or conservatorship, persons who are subject to a final legal judgment forbidding them to participate in public
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affairs, or persons who are incarcerated on the basis of a final legal judgment or who have been committed to treatment in a mental institution on the basis of a final legal judgment
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rendered in criminal proceedings. Furthermore, adult citizens of other Member States of the European Union who reside in the territory of the Republic of Hungary shall not have the
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right to be elected if they have been deprived of such right in their country of citizenship by the laws of that country or by a judicial or other official decision.

(6) All
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Hungarian citizens have the right to hold public office in accordance with their suitability, education and professional ability.

Article 70/A. Edit
(1) The Republic of Hungary shall
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respect the human rights and civil rights of all persons in the country without discrimination on the basis of race, color, gender, language, religion, political or other opinion,
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national or social origins, financial situation, birth or on any other grounds whatsoever.

(2) The law shall provide for strict punishment of discrimination on the basis of Paragraph
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(1).

(3) The Republic of Hungary shall endeavor to implement equal rights for everyone through measures that create fair opportunities for all.

Article 70/B. Edit
(1) In the
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Republic of Hungary everyone has the right to work and to freely choose his job and profession.

(2) Everyone has the right to equal compensation for equal work, without any discrimin
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ation whatsoever.

(3) All persons who work have the right to an income that corresponds to the amount and quality of work they carry out.

(4) Everyone has the right to leisure time,
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to free time and to regular paid vacation.

Article 70/C. Edit
(1) Everyone has the right to establish or join organizations together with others with the objective of protecting his
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economic or social interests.

(2) The right to strike may be exercised within the framework of the law regulating such right.

(3) A majority of two-thirds of the votes of the
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Members of Parliament present is required to pass the law on the right to strike.

Article 70/D. Edit
(1) Everyone living in the territory of the Republic of Hungary has the right to
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the highest possible level of physical and mental health.

(2) The Republic of Hungary shall implement this right through institutions of labor safety and health care, through the
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organization of medical care and the opportunities for regular physical activity, as well as through the protection of the urban and natural environment.

Article 70/E. Edit
(1)
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Citizens of the Republic of Hungary have the right to social security; they are entitled to the support required to live in old age, and in the case of sickness, disability, being
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widowed or oiphaned and in the case of unemployment through no fault of their own.

(2) The Republic of Hungary shall implement the right to social support through the social security
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system and the system of social institutions.

Article 70/F. Edit
(1) The Republic of Hungary guarantees the right of education to its citizens.

(2) The Republic of Hungary shall
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implement this right through the dissemination and general access to culture, free compulsory primary schooling, through secondary and higher education available to all persons on the
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basis of their ability, and furthermore through financial support for students.

Article 70/G. Edit
(1) The Republic of Hungary shall respect and support the freedom of scientific and
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artistic expression, the freedom to learn and to teach.

(2) Only scientists are entitled to decide in questions of scientific truth and to determine the scientific value of research.
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Article 70/H. Edit
(1) All citizens of the Republic of Hungary have the obligation to defend their country.

(2) During a state of emergency, or if Parliament has so decided in a
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state of preventive defense emergency by a majority of two-thirds of the votes of the Members of Parliament present, all men of legal age and of Hungarian citizenship who reside in
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the territory of the Republic of Hungary may be conscripted according to the provisions of law. Any person who seeks exemption from military service on religious grounds shall be
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enlisted to perform civil service.

(3) Hungarian citizens of legal age who reside in the territory of the Republic of Hungary may be compelled by law to participate in civil
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protection and, in a state of emergency, military work obligation.

(4) Natural and legal persons and unincorporated organizations may be compelled to perform economic and material
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services.

(5) A majority of two-thirds of the votes of the Members of Parliament present is required to pass the law on the obligation to complete military service.

Article
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70/I. Edit
(1) All natural persons, legal persons and unincorporated organizations have the obligation to contribute to public revenues on the basis of their income and wealth.

(2)
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In respect of any remuneration received from public funds, or from bodies entrusted to manage state assets and state property, including bodies under majority state ownership or
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control, tax liabilities may be introduced on the strength of law, beginning from the fifth tax year preceding the given tax year, for a sum less than the amount of the remuneration
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in question.

Article 70/J. Edit
In the Republic of Hungary parents and guardians have the obligation to ensure the education of their young children.

Article 70/K. Edit
Claims
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arising from infringement on fundamental rights, and objections to the decisions of public authorities regarding the fulfillment of duties may be brought before a court of law.

Chapt
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er XIII. The Basic Principles of Elections Edit
Article 71. Edit
(1) Members of Parliament, Members of the European Parliament, local government representatives, mayors and the mayor
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of the capital are elected by direct, secret ballot by voting citizens, based on their universal and equal right to vote.

(2) The members of the local government representative
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bodies of counties shall elect the president of the representative body by direct, secret ballot. The president must be a Hungarian citizen.

(3) Separate laws shall establish
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provisions for the election of Members of Parliament, Members of the European Parliament and members of representative bodies of local governments and mayors. A two-thirds majority
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vote of the Members of Parliament present is required to pass such laws.

(4) A separate law shall establish provisions for the election of representatives of minority self-government
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s. A two-thirds majority vote of the Members of Parliament present is required to pass such laws.

Articles 72-73. Edit
[Repealed]

Chapter XIV. The Capital and National Symbols of the
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Republic of Hungary Edit
Article 74. Edit
The Capital of the Republic of Hungary is Budapest.

Article 75. Edit
The national anthem of the Republic of Hungary is the poem „Himnusz"
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by Ferenc Kölcsey, set to the music of Ferenc Erkel.

Article 76. Edit
(1) The National Flag of the Republic of Hungary is a tricolor consisting of horizontal red, white and green
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bands of even width.



Flag of Hungary.svg

(2) The Coat of Arms of the Republic of Hungary is a vertically divided shield with a rounded base coming to a point. The left field
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contains eight horizontal bars of red and silver. The right field has a background of red and depicts a base of three green hills with a golden crown resting on the center hill and a
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silver patriarchal cross issuing from the middle of the crown. The Holy Crown of St. Stephen rests on the top of the shield.



Coat of arms of Hungary.svg

(3) A majority of
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two-thirds of the votes of the Members of Parliament is required to pass the law on the Coat of Arms and National Flag of the Republic of Hungary and the use thereof.

Chapter XV.
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Final Provisions Edit
Article 77. Edit
(1) This Constitution is the supreme law of the Republic of Hungary.

(2) This Constitution and laws and statutes established in accordance with
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this Constitution are equally binding for everybody of the country.

(3) [Repealed]

Article 78. Edit
(1) The Constitution of the Republic of Hungary shall enter into effect on the
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day of its promulgation; the Government shall ensure its implementation.

(2) The Government shall propose the Bills necessary to implement this Constitution to the Paliament.

Articl
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e 79. Edit
[Repealed]

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